The following is a list of notable characters appearing in the Mars trilogy, in the order of appearance.

The First Hundred

For the First Hundred, see their main page.

The descendants of the First Hundred

• Peter: son of Ann Clayborne and Simon Frazier. Main article.
• Kasei: sansei ectogene son of Hiroko Ai and John Boone. Main article.
• Nirgal: sansei ectogene son of Hiroko Ai and The Coyote. Grew up in Zygote. Main article.
• Dao: sansei ectogene son of Hiroko Ai. Grew up in Zygote. Among Jackie’s following. Joined the Reds, then the Kakaze. Was killed with Kasei while trying to take over the space elevator cable from the UNTA at the Second Martian Revolution.
• Jackie: sansei daughter of Kasei and Esther, grandchild of John Boone. Grew up in Zygote. Main article.
• Rachel: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote. Joined Free Mars, stayed in the party with Jackie for a long time during its super-majority. Later came to live in Minus One Island in the Hellas Sea, recreating a Zygote-like environment.
• Frantz: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote. Joined Free Mars.
• Emily: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote. In the late 22nd century lived in Minus One Island, recreating a Zygote-like environment.
• Reull: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote.
• Steve: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote.
• Simud: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote. In the late 22nd century lived in Minus One Island, recreating a Zygote-like environment.
• Nanedi: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote.
• Tiu: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote. Joined the Reds, then Free Mars. Was at the Pavonis Mons Congress. Later came to live in Minus One Island, recreating a Zygote-like environment.
• Huo Hsing: sansei ectogene. Grew up in Zygote. Meaning “fire star” in Chinese.
• Esther: ex-lover of Kasei, with whom she had a daughter, Jackie. Mother of Paul (from either Kasei or Peter).
• Paul: sansei son of Esther and of unknown father (either Kasei or Peter). Father of Diana.
• Diana: yonsei daughter of Paul. Areologist, specialized in hydrology. Praxis‘s Deep Waters employee at Odessa until Hellas became a sea. Later formed the Aegean Water Table at Odessa. Worked with Maya Toitovna.
• Nikki: daughter of Nadia Cherneshevsky and Art Randolph.
• Zo: naturally-born daughter of Jackie and of unknown father. Main article.

Mars

Characters mainly active on Mars, or born on Mars. Note: this is a non-exhaustive list.

• Zeyk Tuqan: Arab miner. Main article.
• Selim el-Hayil: Arab friend of Frank Chalmers. Was long believed to have been the person responsible for the murder of John Boone. Even though he was related to the murder itself, he was in fact used as a scapegoat by Frank. Died soon after John’s murder by poison patches given to him by Frank.
• Etsu Okakura: Japanese industrialist. Director of the Senzeni Na mohole. Was candidate for the executive council of the first Martian government.
• Marion (also spelled Marian): issei Bogdanovist rebel at Senzeni Na. Joined the Reds after the First Martian Revolution. Was at the Pavonis Mons Congress. Became member of the executive council of the first Martian government. Retired at Olympus Mons with fellow Red climbers. Died there from the quick decline. Having climbed in the cliffs without a wristpad, her body was found and retrieved by Peter.
• Yashika Mui: UNOMA auditor at Underhill; arrived on Mars in 2050. Killed by the UNOMA investigation team to accuse John Boone in the Martian sabotages case.
• “Jeeves” Slusinski: Frank Chalmers’ replacement as US Secretary of Mars while Frank was away in Zeyk’s caravan for circa 2057-2059.
• Mikhail Yangel: issei Bogdanovist. Main article.
• Oskar Schnelling: biologist detained in Korolyov, where he died. Had many followers as a communalist Red mysticist, the Schnellingistas.
• Harry Whitebook: successful Biotique biologist. Around the Second Martian Revolution he designed animals for the Botany Bay (Tempe Terra) ecosystem. Added the crocodile hemoglobin gene in the longevity treatment, allowing increased CO2 tolerance in humans. Lived in Boone Harbor.
• Nanao Nakayama: Japanese issei, co-founder of Sabishii. Taught lung-gom-pa to Nirgal. Played the flute. Was candidate for the executive council of the first Martian government.
• Ariadne: member of the Martian underground at Dorsa Brevia. Was present at the Pavonis Mons Congress. Became member of the executive council of the first Martian government. Became a long-time member of Free Mars and a close associate of Jackie.
• Antar: son of an important Bedu family, member of the mining caravanserais. Befriended Jackie. In time, became the leader of the Arabs, although he was considered to be more of a native Martian at heart. Was a candidate for the executive council of the first Martian government. Became a long-time member of Free Mars and a close associate of Jackie.
• Charlotte: Swiss politician from Dorsa Brevia. Main article.
• Irishka: rising Red leader following the Second Martian Revolution. Was at the Pavonis Mons Congress. Was a candidate for the executive council of the first Martian government. Became the first chief justice of the Global Environmental Court of the first Martian government.
• Bao Shuyo: grew up in Dorsa Brevia, of Polynesian and Japanese ancestry. Came to be a leading theoretician in mathematics and physics after the Second Martian Revolution. Her work effectively united quantum mechanics and gravity. Lived in Da Vinci, where she befriended Sax Russell.
• Bela: scientist at Da Vinci, perhaps a fusion expert. Politically active. Volunteered into the global government’s advisory group. Put up signs with maxims on the walls of the Da Vinci labs.
• Athos: sansei son of Greek and Indian grandparents. From Licus Vallis, West of Rhodos. Co-founder of a Green party opposed to Free Mars’s super-majority.
• Latrobe: director of the Odessa theater troupe that made the Odessa Group of playwrights famous. Mounted many classical Terran tragedies (such as Greek plays and Shakepspeare’s plays) and other political plays. Pro-Terran, pro-immigrationist. Maya Toitovna worked with her.
• Deleuze: biogenetic theoritician and philosopher. Tried to mathematize viriditas on a cosmological scale, came up with a model of patches of life isolated in space-time. Following the anthropic principle, maintained that they lived in a flat universe, between permanent expansion and the expand-contract model, that the turning point was close to present time and that humanity could influence one way or the other. Named after the 20th century French philosopher Gilles Deleuze.

Terra

Characters born on Earth. Note: this is a non-exhaustive list.

 

• Arthur Randolph: Main article.
• Derek Hastings: head of UNTA. Main article.
• Helmut Bronski: UNOMA top official. Called back on Earth after the request of the First Hundred. Died of old age late in the 22nd century.
• Sam Houston: UNOMA head investigator. Arrived on Mars in the late 2040s to investigate the Martian sabotages case. Probably returned to Earth.
• William Fort: Praxis founder.
• “The Eighteen Immortals”: close colleagues of William Fort, ran Praxis with him since its beginning. Visited Mars for the Dorsa Brevia Conference. Possibly named after historical Immortal Guards that existed in Peria and Byzance.
• Francis Duval: Michel Duval‘s nephew, a connoisseur in Arles, France.

 

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List of Martian settlements and cities in the Mars trilogy, in order of appearance.

See also:

• Terra
• Mars (Phobos, Deimos, Clarke)
• Solar system
• Ares

First appeared in Red Mars

• Underhill: first Martian city. Main article.
• Dolmen Tor: big underground sequence of caves at Aureum Chaos where the Areophany team first hid for about two years. Used as refuge after the Areophany moved to Zygote.
• Acheron: biomedical and biotechnology research center, the place where the longevity treatment was created. Main article.
• Senzeni Na: mining mohole establishment, near Thaumasia. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Later became a dim historical monument. Meaning “what we have done?” in Zulu.
• Echus Overlook: city built on a cliff, terraforming headquarters and later fliers’ paradise. Main article.
• Burroughs: second Martian capital city. Main article.
• Bradbury (Point): at Nilosyrtis Mensae, North-West of Burroughs. Financed by Armscor. Nicosia-class city that looked like a city of Illinois. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Named after science fiction writer Ray Bradbury (who was born in Illinois).
• Sheffield: home of the Martian end of the space elevator. Main article.
• Sabishii: home of the Sabishii University. Main article.
• Nicosia: tented city, first type of Martian city where the physical plant, farm and water station are separate from the town. East of Sheffield. John Boone was murdered there during the festival of its inauguration night. In 2061, declared itself an independent city; soon after, the First Martian Revolution began; first city to be punctured by the rebels. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Named after the city in Cyprus.
• Korolyov: used as a prison city by UNOMA prior to 2061, ruined during the First Martian Revolution. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Named after Russian rocket engineer Sergei Korolyov.
• Carr: big domed city at Carr Crater. During the First Martian Revolution, it was under rebel dominion. It was destroyed by a UNOMA/transnational sabotage which resulted in the oxygen-enriched atmosphere to burn, during which Arkady Bogdanov died.
• Cairo: big city South of Pavonis Mons, at 10 km above datum. During the First Martian Revolution, Frank Chalmers and Maya Toitovna attempted to establish a negotiation front with UNOMA there. It was taken over by UNOMA police. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Zygote, later became Gamete: home of the Areophany. Main article.

First appeared in Green Mars

• Prometheus: series of sanctuaries near the South pole, occupied by Francophone utopists. Part of the underground. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Christianopolis: near the South pole, founded and populated by Christians. Produced light bulbs for the underground. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• (Bogdanov) Vishniac: mohole near the South pole occupied by Bogdanovists after the First Martian Revolution. The city developed like an amphitheater around the mohole, following Bogdanovist ideas on architecture. Was the industrial center of the underground; produced high-tech equipment and vehicles. It became the headquarters of Sax Russell and Spencer Jackson’s industrial effort for the independence revolution. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Mauss Hyde: settlement near the South pole. Grew plants for the underground Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Gramsci: settlement near the South pole, part of the underground. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Overhangs: Swiss settlement, part of the underground. Shot down by UNTA police. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Kasei Vallis: low-profile security system center and police force training camp for UNTA and transnational police. Also served as a prison. Highly guarded. Sax Russell was tortured there; Phyllis Boyle was killed during his rescue by the underground.
• Tharsis Tholus: part of the demimonde, populated by Bogdanovists and Reds. Housed a clinic serving the underground. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Dorsa Brevia: home of the Dorsa Brevia Conference of the underground. Main article.
• Rumi: main Sufi settlement at the South, near the South pole. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• New Vanuatu: near the South pole, occupied by Polynesians. Built inside a lava tunnel, shaped to look like Polynesia. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Nirgal Vallis: huge tenting over an entire canyon. Tented circa 2107. Had a river flowing in it, supported its own ecosystem/mesocosm. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Odessa: eventually a port city on the shores of the Hellas Sea. Main article.
• Dao Vallis: huge tenting over an entire canyon, 10 km wide. Went from the Hellas Basin, where the main city Hell’s Gate was situated, to close to Hadriaca Patera. Had a river flowing in it, supported its own ecosystem/mesocosm. A 10 km-long bridge, held by 600 m-tall towers, supported the train piste above Hell’s Gate. The canyon and Hell’s Gate were represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Harmakhis-Reull system: huge tenting over an entire canyon, 10 km wide. Began at the Hellas Basin, where the main city Sukhumi was situated, and went dozens of kilometers to the East. Had a river flowing in it, supported its own ecosystem/mesocosm. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Montepulciano: city at the Hellespontus Montes, South-West of Odessa. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.
• Hiranyagarbha: rumored to have been founded by Hiroko Ai after Sabishii was burned. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Means “golden embryo” in Sanskrit, part of a creation myth in Hindi mythology.
• Da Vinci Crater: Main article.

First appeared in Blue Mars

 

• Boone Harbor: city at Tempe Terra where the labs of Harry Whitebook were located after the Second Martian Revolution. At the shore of Oceanus Borealis.
• Mangala: capital city of Mars built after the independence revolution. Constructed as a work of art. Home of the duma and seat of the Martian government.
• Nilokeras: large harbour town on Chryse Gulf.
• Moreux Crater: between Mangala and Bradbury Point. Sheltered an entire mesocosm under its large tent, home of a co-operative that developed new tent material and mining techniques, in which Zo worked.
• Rhodos: on the continental side of the Narrows, harbor town from which the Grand Canal began.

 

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List of groups, organizations and political parties that appear in the Mars trilogy.

A

Areophany: ideological esoteric movement worshipping life.

B

Biotique: Praxis affiliate specialized in biological engineering that grew to a separate political party. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Sax Russell worked in it as Stephen Lindholm.

Bogdanovism: Paradigm founded by Arkady Bogdanov. Utopian vision of a radically new communist/anarchist world. Its adepts are the Bogdanovists, represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Based on the Basque community of Mondragon, Spain. Its architecture lies characteristically on circular structures.

Bolognan Neomarxists: followers of a marxist political system tested in Bologna, Italy, and that was later integrated in the Martian constitution. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

Booneism: Paradigm founded by John Boone. He hoped that all the different Terran cultures would merge on Mars to form a new Martian culture, original but keeping its roots on Terran cultures. Its adepts are the Booneans. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

C

Christian Democrats: Were represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

F

First Hundred: the first hundred colonists of Mars. Main article.

Free Mars: the main Martian political and ideological movement, most popular among the Martian natives.

Friends of the Earth: political party in favor of keeping strong bonds with the home planet, ideologically opposed to the separationists. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Currently the name of a Non-Governmental Organization founded in 1969.

G

Green Mars: Green political movement, represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

Greens: Term largely used to designate people who are in favor of terraforming. Corresponds to no political movement in particular. Founded ideologically by Sax Russell. Main article.

Group of Eleven (G-11): The G7 became the G8 with the addition of Russia (actually happened, in 1998). Later it became the G-11 with the addition of Korea, Azania and Mexico. Lost much influence after 2061.

K

Ka: said to be the name the legendary little red people give to themselves. Also, popular greeting among fellow Martians. Is also the name of a political movement, represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

Kakaze: extremist wing of the Reds. Probably founded by Kasei. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Main article: see Reds.

M

Marsfirst: political wing of the Reds, later a separate group whose ideological ideas are close to those of the Reds. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. See Reds.

Metanational Economic Activity Coordination Committee: Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

Q

Qahiran Mahjaris: Arab for “Martian Arabs”. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

R

Reds: General term used to designate people not in favor of terraforming. Represented by the Red party and Marsfirst; its extremists are the Kakaze. Ideologically founded by Ann Clayborne. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Main article.

S

Schnellingistas: followers of the deceased Oskar Schnelling, a biologist who started a spiritual movement while imprisoned in Sergei Korolyov in the years prior to the first revolution. Represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

Séparation de l’Atmosphère: organization that took the part of logistics and management in the Martian underground. Ran physical plants and repaired tents. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress. Colloquially called the “Sep”.

Space Elevator Authority: organization running Mars’s space elevator, based at Sheffield and New Clarke. Manages which transnational/metanational is mainly in charge of running the elevator. Presided by Phyllis Boyle for a period. Was represented at the Pavonis constitutional congress.

U

UNOMA: United Nations’ Office for Martian Affairs. Existed up to 2061. Main article.

UNTA: United Nations’ Transitional Authority, created after the dissolving of the UNOMA in 2061. Main article.

27

The Mars trilogy timeline lists the events of the future history of the Mars trilogy. It is mostly focused on Martian history, but does include references to important events taking place elsewhere.

The timeline is not partial to the main characters of the trilogy but instead attempts to describe events relevant to the history of the human and the Martian civilization. For history as seen it was felt from the main characters, see the characters’ individual pages and the books’ summaries.

Each volume takes up the following share of the timeline:

• Red Mars: 2026-2061
• Green Mars: 2081-2127
• Blue Mars: 2127-ca.2225

2020: People on Mars

First human expedition on Mars. In the summer 2020, a four-member NASA crew lands on Chryse Planitia. John Boone, American, is the First Man on Mars. Martian atmospheric pressure counts 10 mbar.

2020-2026: Preparations

Mars: Beginning in 2020, three unmanned expeditions send equipment to Mars to prepare the arrival of the first colony. Automated air miners gather air.

Terra: On Earth orbit, the Ares is assembled using discarded space shuttle tanks. The First Hundred, seventy of them representing the two superpowers of the time (USA and USSR) are selected and trained in Antarctica.

2026-2027: The Ares expedition

On Dec-21-2026, departure of the First Hundred for a nine-month journey to Mars. The Hundred break in small groups. The love triangle between Maya Toitovna (leader of the Russian contingent of the First Hundred), Frank Chalmers (leader of the American contingent of the First Hundred) and John Boone is created. Arkady Bogdanov, Russian engineer, suggests not to follow Terran orders and make a clean slate for a new martian society. Sax Russell, American physicist, argues with Ann Clayborne, American geologist, over the rightfulness of the terraforming of Mars.

2027-2030: The Underhill years

Mars: Most of First Hundred land on Mars on local calendar M-1, Ls=7. Another group, led by Arkady, build a space station on the moon Phobos and secretly install a rocketry system able to bring Phobos down. The first Martians rely heavily on the equipment sent previously and build the first farms, a nuclear factory (which also releases heat, thus beginning terraforming), permanent underground habitats, a clinic, chemists’ quarters, water pumps, ice drill. Nadia Cherneshevsky, Russian engineer, is the leading force behind the construction effort of the first Martian settlement, named Underhill.

For a period, the need for mutual help forces the first colonists to be a tightly knit group. After a time, tensions surface again and the initial democratic way to run things is put to the test. As differences between the First Hundred are broadened, so is Underhill: a spaceport is built and new satellites give constant communications.

The first explorations across the virgin Martian surface in Hebes Chasma, Ganges Chasma and the North Pole are led by Ann. The farm group, gathered around Hiroko Ai, Japanese bioengineer, is separate from the rest. Desmond Hawkins, a Trinidadian stowaway on the Ares protected by Hiroko, secretly and stealthily explores Mars on his own; he will become known as The Coyote. The Stickney crater on Phobos is domed.

The First Hundred argue over terraforming; many of them see the beauty and uniqueness of the Martian environment as something to be conserved for its own sake, and many assume terraforming will take place inevitably. The biotechnology team, led by Vlad Taneev, Russian bioengineer, creates microorganisms suitable for free release on Mars. With the help of Sax they create many small windmills which can release heat but also algae on Mars, which would transgress rules against the release of biological agents. Shortly thereafter, the United Nations Office for Martian Affairs (UNOMA) approves terraforming efforts, including the spreading of the windmills and the release of genetically modified organisms on Mars.

Terra: The First Hundred have an important impact on Terrans, notably through the video footage sent back by Phyllis Boyle, American geologist. The Reds, who want Mars to be kept intact, are the ideological followers of Ann; they are opposed by the Greens, who believe in terraforming, the ideological children followers of Sax; the Bogdanovists follow Arkady’s ideas on social rupture.

2030s: Colonization

Mars: UNOMA greenlights three other colonies of 500 each, composed of nationals not represented among the First Hundred. Throughout the decade more colonies arrive, sent by collective efforts from Terran governments. The new settlements consist of a pressurized city under an airtight plastic dome.

Hiroko and her group believe in a new Martian way of things, a new order celebrating Mars and life; they call themselves the Areophany. In secret, they work on late fertility and in vitro birth and grow a series of children made from the genes of all the First Hundred. Michel Duval, the French psychologist for the First Hundred, turns homesick and joins them. They secretly prepare their escape from Underhill. They disappear from public eyes and hide in an underground secret settlement. The group then moves in a very big underground dome under the South Pole’s dry ice, where they build the city Zygote. They start working on thermal disposal engineering which is necessary for not being detected by surveillance measures. They rarely contact people outside the group, feeding local myths for a secret colony and the legendary Coyote. Kasei, genetic son of John and Hiroko, is born within the Areophany team.

Sax is named head of the terraforming effort by UNOMA and builds Echus Overlook, engineering headquarters for terraforming. The one-way ships to Mars are progressively used as sun mirrors that are placed in orbit and heat up the soil. The new factories begin releasing warmth and oxygen in the atmosphere. The exploration of Mars continues.

Every newcomer has his own idea of how Mars should be and what it should become. John, who works for Sax, dreams of an all-new Martian culture in which the mistakes of Terran history won’t be repeated. Arkady actively works to that end and begins influencing the new colonists to prepare a revolution that will bring about the necessary break with Terra’s sphere of influence.

2040s: Industrialization

Mars: New colonies keep arriving, representing nations or transnational companies and principally bringing raw workforce for the industrial exploitation of Mars. The cities of Senzeni Na, Burroughs, Sheffield and Sabishii are created. Mining creates vertical holes, called moholes, which are a source of heat. UNOMA approves the building of a space elevator, financed by transnationals and designed by Phyllis, for exporting Martian ore.

The biotechnology and medical group led by Vlad moves from Underhill to the newly built Acheron. Sax studies biology there. The Acheron group studies body regeneration and longevity and creates the gerontological treatment: human lifespan is dramatically increased. The treatment is given to many of the visitors to Acheron; Sax secretly gives it to the Areophany group.

The Areophany children and the Coyote, without Hiroko’s awareness, conduct several sabotages disguised as accidents (a space mirror knocked out of orbit, a truck fall in a mohole, a well explosion). Their goal is to reduce immigration as they believe the new colonists do not care deeply enough for Mars; they contact and influence the small anti-establishment groups that start being created in every town. The accidents are said to be caused by Reds, a mysterious Coyote or terrorists; John investigates.

Frank befriends with Arab settlers. Peter, son of Ann and Simon Frazier, American geologist, is born. The atmosphere counts 50 mbar. A Global Storm caused by the upheaval of the atmosphere by terraforming lasts for three Martian years.

Terra: Multinational companies begin coalescing into colossal transnationals, which essentially overpower national rule. The Antarctica treaty expires; mining and drilling begins in Antarctica.

2050-2056: Sabotages

Mars: As new colonies arrive, domed craters become common. Nadia supervises much of the construction, which makes use of large fully-automated robots. Arabs and Swiss cooperate in building cities and roads. The water from Martian aquifers is planned to be released on the surface, potentially turning Hellas Basin into a lake. An organism is found which may have native Martian origin, but the samples are considered as contaminated from the well head. The longevity treatment is given to everyone on Mars.

The saboteurs contact John and ask him to stop emigration. A UN investigation team arrives and starts interrogating many of the First Hundred; a murder is committed but the UN team fails to make John take the blame. With Arkady’s authorization, John discovers that in every town there is a small group that secretly prepares for the revolution and stashes equipment.

John, now a major political force on Mars, organizes a festivity on Olympus Mons, where the Areophany group resurfaces for the first time, to watch the fall of Amor asteroid 2051B into the Martian atmosphere, enriching it up to 100 mbar. John believes that a new Martian society can be created as a crucible of the best elements from all Terran cultures. He is said to dislike the Arabs, who are opposed to his ideas.

Terra: The longevity treatment is leaked and is of controversial use. It is then widely administered chiefly in the rich countries.

2056-2061: Rising tensions

Mars: Immigration consists mainly of workers and task forces from transnationals and UNOMA police. Snow and water start falling on Mars. The atmosphere counts 130 mbar.

In the inauguration festival of Nicosia, John Boone is murdered by Arabs with Frank’s consent. Arkady gives a transmitter that controls the Phobos rockets to Nadia. In 2057 the UN Martian Treaty is revised but despite Frank’s efforts has little effective power; the transnationals ignore the treaty without reprisals by UNOMA.

The Space Elevator at Pavonis Mons is completed: a 37,000 km long cable from Sheffield to asteroid Clarke. Martian ore is massively exported and a wave of transnational immigrants arrives with UNOMA’s authorization.

A housing boom follows and the infrastructure is pushed to its limits. Discontent and crime appears. With Arkady’s support, many workers, even entire cities, abandon their work and disappear in the land. Frank negotiates a halting of transnational immigration but riots ensue and immigration begins anew. Strikes and riots become common across all Mars and Korolyov becomes a prison to gather those arrested by UNOMA.

Terra: Economic inequalities exacerbate the tensions between subdued states and the transnationals. In 2060, small wars erupt independently.

2061: The First Martian Revolution

Mars: Some cities under Arkady’s rebellion openly declare independence. The Revolution begins. Mass infrastructure destruction and life loss. UN police with land troops along with transnational forces based mainly in space destroy several domed towns to stop the rebellion, while rebels destroy towns to keep the rebellion going. UN police takes over many towns and aims at exterminating the First Hundred, perceived to be the revolution’s instigators; many are killed, Arkady among them. The rebel groups turn out to be many more than expected, but no coordinated and united front exists. Rebels and neutral citizens try to survive in wrecked cities and tents. Several aquifers are broken, releasing a great quantity of water on the land and in the atmosphere. An equatorial storm begins; snowing is more common. Bogdanovists destroy the Space Elevator; the cable violently wraps around the planet’s equator.

Frank declares Cairo a neutral city where negotiations between the First Hundred and UNOMA could begin; it is invaded by UN police. Nadia uses Arkady’s transmitter to bring Phobos down, as it could have been used as a weapons platform. Frank is killed by a flood caused by an aquifer break. The Areophany group attempts to save the First Hundred: Nadia, Ann, Sax, Maya, Simon and much of the Acheron group are taken safe to Zygote.

Terra: The wars coalesce into one; cease-fires fail and World War Three begins and lasts for six months. One hundred million people die. The transnationals table their differences and agree a cease fire; the status quo remains. The transnationals give Terrans the impression that the Martian Revolution is an insignificant group of terrorists wrecking towns and breaking aquifers.

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